Passenger-car



(N M del.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. U. 0- ALLEN & W. H. WELLMAN.

PASSENGER CAR.

No. 451,905. Patented May lZ, 1891.

m: News Farms 00,, wow-mum, msmnnmn, o. c

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

C. O. ALLEN & W. 1-1. WELLMAN.

PASSENGER UAR.

No. 451,905. Patented May 12,1891.

m: nonms'vt rsns col. Pl-lo'ro-umo., WASNINGYON, a. c

UNITED STATES ATENT CHARLES O. ALLEN AND IVILLIAM II. IVELLMAN, ()F PULLMAN, ILLINOIS.

PASSENGER-CAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 451,905, dated May 12, 1891.

Application filed Ianuary 9, 1891- Serial No. 377,278. (No model.)

T0 to whom, it may concern.-

Be itknown that we, CHARLES O ALLEN and WILLIAM H. WELLMAN, residing at Pullman, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, both citizens of the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Railroad Passenger-Cars, of which the following is a specification,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure lis a longitudinal vertical section through the middle of the car, showing parts of two sections of the car, one being arranged as for a day-coach and the other as for a sleeping-car. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section on line A A of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail, beinga plan view of the upper-berth frame, parts being in section. Fig. at is a detail, being a longitudinal vertical section of a lower berth, showing the arrangement of the wire mattress. Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail,beingalongitudinal vertical section of aportion of the cartable. Fig.6 is a detail, being a vertical crosssection of the lower portion of one side of the car, on line A A of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a detail, being a longitudinal vertical section on line C O of Fig. 4, showing the lower partition. Fig. 8 is a detail, being a side elevation of the upper partition as it appears when open. Fig. 9 is a detail, being a vertical cross-section of the closed upper partition. Fig. 10 is a detail, being a plan view of the wire-mattress bow.

Our invention relates to railroad-cars, and more particularly to passenger-cars adapted to be used either as day-coaches, dining-cars, or sleeping-cars.

The principal object of our invention is to provide a combination day-coach and sleeping-car which will contain in compact form all the necessary furniture for such uses, and be so arranged that the car may readily be arranged for use as a day-coach, dining-car, or sleeping-car, as desired; also to so construct the car and the upper berths that when closed they will lie within the curved lower deck of the car, and thus preserve the curved outline of the interior of the car.

Another object of our invention is to more completely separate the different berths from each other.

e accomplish these objects as hereinafter specified and as illustrated in the drawings.

\Vhat we regard as our invention will be set forth in the claims.

In the drawings, 1 indicates a railroad passenger-car, which may be constructed after any approved pattern,except as to its interior finishing. The car 1 is preferably divided equally by the usual aisle, extending the length of the car, and is provided with a row of seats 2 3 on each side, which may be fastened. to the fioor of the car in any suitable manner. The floor under each seat may be provided with a compartment or receptacle for clothing or other articles.

The car-seats are provided with end rails 5 6 on the end next to the aisle, which end rails are alternately fixed, as at 6, and movable, as at 5, the movable end rails 5 being adapted to slide vertically downward to bring their upper surface level with the bed of the car-seats, as best shown in Fig. 1. The end rails 5 are held in a raised position by means of spring catches or bolts mounted in any suitable manner on the seat-frame, which bolts fit in corresponding eyes or sockets in the end rails 5. The spring catches or bolts 8 are connected to opposite sides of a knob or handle '7, which is attached to the outside ofthe seat-frame 2 between the ends of the bolts 8. By this construction a partial rotation of the knob 7 will withdraw the bolts 8 from their sockets in the end rails 5 and allow them to be lowered, as shown in Fig. 1. The seat-frames 2 are provided with guides or sheaths 4 toreceive and hold the end rails 5 when in their depressed or lowered position.

9, 10, and 11 indicate reversible seat-backs, of which each alternate one 9 and 10 iss'ep-arable or composed of two sections and the other 11 is composed of a single section, the separable seat-backs 9 and 10 being attached to the seats 2, having removable end rails 5, and the inseparable seat-backs 11 being attached to the seats 3, having the fixed end rails 6. The seat-backs 11 are held in position by means of the usual metal straps or arms 13, which are secured to the sides of the back at its middle point in any suitable manner and are pivoted at the other end to the end rails 6 and the side of the car, respectively, in such a manner as to allow the back of the seat to be reversed in the usual manner.

The separable seat-backs 9 and 10 are composed of two equal sections, each of half the height of the solid backs 11, one section being adapted to rest upon the other to form with it a continuous back of a uniform height with the solid seat-back. Each section of the separable seat-backs 9 and 10 is pivoted at its outer end to the end rail 5 of the seatat its central part by means of angular metal straps or arms 12, the two straps 12 being so pivoted to the end rail 5, to which they are attached, as to allow the upper section 10 of the seat-back to be turned over so as to rest in a perpendicular position on the front edge of the seat 2. The two sections 9 and 10 of the seat-back will then be opposite to each other and their upper edges will be on a level. The inner ends of the sections 9 and 10 are pivoted by similar straps or arms to supports 15, which are mounted in the sides of the car opposite to the pivotal point of the straps or arms 10, and are adapted to move in a vertical slot 16, which extends downward in the side of the car to a level with the seat-frames. The supports 15 are held at their highest point by means of catches 18, which are pivotally mounted'inside the wall of the car and are adapted to be operated by means of a lever 17 from the knob or handle 7. The knob 7 is-adapted to be moved slightly outward, and is connected with the lever 17 at itslower end by a rod 19, as best shown in Fig. 6, so that by pulling out the knob 7 the lower end of the lever 17 will be drawn inward, throwing the catch 18 out from under the support 15 and allowing it to fall in the vertical slot 16 to its lowest point.

21 indicates a spring adapted to hold the knob 7 at its innermost point to lock the end rail 5 and pivot 15 in their raised position. Thus by turning the knob 7 and pulling it out slightly at the same time the end rail of the seat, to which are pivoted the sections 9 and 10 of the separable seat-back, and the inner supporting-pivot 15 of the sections 9 and 10 of the seat-back will both be unlocked and will slide downward, bringing the outer and inner pivotal points of the seat-back to a level with the seat-frame.

As best shown in Fig. 1, the outer and inner edges of the sections 9 and 10 of a separable seat-back are fitted with longitudinal grooves 20, which may either be made of metallic-strips or formed in the seat-back in any suitable manner. The grooves are adapted to receive pins 14 in the outer ends of the straps or arms 12, which pins 14 slide in the grooves 20 from top to bottom of the sections 9 and 10 of the seat-backs. By this construction when the pivotal points of the straps 12 are lowered, as above described, the pins 14 will slide along the groove 20 to their opposite ends, when the sections 9 and 10 of the seat-backs may be laid back, as shown in Fig. '1, the seats of the car being located just far enough apart to admit a section 9 or 10 of a seat-back. The lower berth is thus formed,

22 in Fig. 4; indicates a woven-wire mattress, which when not in use is rolled up on a drum 28, mounted on trunnions or on an axis under the inseparable or solid-back seats 11, as indicated by dotted lines inFig. 1. hen it is desired to use the wire mattress 22, by slightly raising the seat-back 11 the end of the mattress 22 may be cast over the seats to the other end of the berth, the sections 9 and 10 of the separable seat-backs having previously been lowered, as shown in Fig. 4.

To secure a sufficient tension on the mattress 22, we secure the free end of the mattress in any suitable manner to an iron bow or frame 23, Fig. 10, which is bent twice at right angles and which is pivoted to the seat-frame 2, and is of such size and so arranged that when placed in position for use its edge will reach the end of the seats forming the berth, and when not in use it may be folded back on the seat-frame 2, its edge lying along the rail of the seat. To effect this object, the bent arms 24 of the bow 23 are made half as long as the combined width of a seat and the space between the seats. By pivoting the bow 23 tothe seat-frame at a point half-way between the back rails of the seats 2 and 3 the edge of the how 23, when turned back, will lie along the back rail of the seat 2, and when turned forward will lie along the back rail of the seat 3.

In order not to destroy the spring of the mattress 22, it is held at a suitable distance above the level of the seat bymeans of trans verse bars 27, one at each end of the berth, which bars 27 lie along the ends of the berth in sockets or grooves formed in the upholstery of the seats. The side arms 2 L of the bow 23 may also be provided with suitable catches to secure the sides of the mattress in place. By this construction the mattress over a portion of the lower berth may be folded back, and the section 10 of the seat-back may be lifted up to expose the floor between the seats, thus allowing room in which to dress, &c. When it is desired to roll the mattress up again,its end is released from the bow 23 and it is wound upon the drum 28. The straps or arms 13 on the solid seat-backs 11 and the straps or arms 12 on the outer ends of the separable seat-backs 9 and 10 rest in stops 26, arranged in the usual manner. The inner straps on the seat-backs 9 and 10 are held in position by springstops 25, fitted in the sides of the car at the proper height, which stops ICC are adapted to be operated by the knob 7 in substantiallythe same manner as the catch 18, they being connected to the rod 19 in a similar manner.

29 indicates a table of any convenient size, which is composed of a number of bars of wood, each preferably as long as the table is wide, which are hinged together on the under side in such a manner as to permit of the table turning downward to enter a compartment 30 in the wall of the car when not in use. The outermost bar of the table 29 is arranged to fit and close up the slot in the wall of the car through which the table is drawn out, and is provided with a ring 31 or other suitable device by which the table may be more easily drawn out. The slotthrough which the table is drawn out of its compartment is placed lengthwise of the car and opposite the seat 2 at a height equal to one of the sections 9 or 10.

When it is desired to use the table, the section 10 is turned over to the front edge of the seat 2, the two sections being then parallel and in a vertical position. The table 29 is then drawn out over the two sections 9 and 10 to the end of the seat 2 and is locked in position by one or more buttons, which are adapted to enter slotted holes in the edges of the sections 9 and 10, or in any other suitable .manner. By releasing the buttons the table may readily be pushed back into its compartment.

32 indicates a strong rib curved to correspond with the side of the car, which is made of wood or other suitable material. One of the ribs 32 is firmly secured in the upper part of the side of the car over each seat-back 11, or at the end of each section of the car, as best shown in Fig. 2. The rib 32 extends upward and outward to a point in line with the upper deck-sash of the car, and is provided with a slot 33 at some distance from its edge and parallel with it, which extends almost the entire length of the rib 32 and is preferably bound with iron or steel to protect its edges.

34 indicates a berth-hanger, preferably made of wood, which is curved to correspond with the shape of the rib 32, to which it is pivoted at its upper end, as best shown at 35 in Fig. 2, a berth-hanger being pivoted to each rib 32. The lower end of each berth-hanger 34 is fastened to the outer rail 36 of the upper berth in such a position that when the berth is closed the berth rails or side 36 will lie in contact with the side of the car-wall.

37 indicates the end rails of the upperberth, one being at each end of every berth. The end rails 37 are preferably made of iron, and are curved slightly, as best shown in Fig. 2. The inner end of the rail 37 slides in the slot 33 in the rib 32, and is provided with a downwardly-projecting arm 38, which extends a short distance below the lower end of the .rib 32.

Connecting the lower ends of the arms 38 on each pair of end rails 37 and between the two ribs 32 of each berth is a rigid rod or bar 39, to which is securely fastened the inner edge of a berth-bottom, composed, as herein shown, of a woven-wire mattress 40, which supports the bed of the upper berth. The outer edge of the mattress is securely fast ened to lower end of the berth-hanger 34, as best shown in Fig. 2. The outer end of the end rail 37 is pivotally secured at 41 to a strap 42, which is preferably made of metal, and is pivoted at its outer end to the berthhanger 34 near its lower edge. The length of the strap 42, connecting the end rail 37 and berth-hanger 34, is so adjusted as to prevent the berth-hanger 34 from swinging outwardly beyond the line of the car-seat or over the can-aisle 43.

To keep the mattress 40 under proper tension, so as not to sag materially under the weight of the occupant of the berth, a springcatch 44 is provided for each strap 42, which is attached to the berth-hanger 34 and is adapted to enter a socket in the side of the straps 42. The catch 44 is connected by a rigid rod 45, Fig. 3, to a knob or handle 46,10- cated about midway of the berth on its edge, and so connected thereto that by a partial rotation of the knob 46 the catches 44 may be withdrawn from their sockets. The tension of the mattress on the arm 38 will tend to throw the end rail 37 and strap 41 upward, which upward motion will be prevented by the catch 44, as above described.

When it is desired to close the upper berth, by turning the knob 46 the catch 44 is withdrawn from its socket. Then by pulling out on the front edge of the berth the berth-hangers 34 will swing backward on their pivots 35, allowing the end rail 37 and strap 41 to fall freely until they form a continuous curved line. Thus by pushing back on theberth theinner end of the end rail 37, with its arms 38, mattress-rod 39, and mattress 40, will all be pushed upward, the angles at the inner end of the end rails 37 sliding in slots 33 in the rib 32, the berth-hanger 34 being pushed back until it reaches the side of the car in line with the rib 32. The hanger 34 is locked in its closed position by means of the rib 32. The berth may be unlocked by the knob 46 in like manner as when the berth is open.

Each pair of berth-hangers 34 is provided on the inside edges of its lower end with a pair of curtain fixtures, in which is carried a spring-curtain 47 of suitable length to reach nearly to the floor. If desired,the curtain 47 may be vertically divided into two equal parts, the fixtures being also suitably arranged,and as the closing of the berth will bring the curtain over the windows and next to the wall of the car they may then be used as spring window-curtains.

To providethe car with window-curtains when the upper berth is open, to the arm or mattress-rod 39 is swung a curtain pole or poles 48, adapted to receive the curtains 49,

which slide on the rod on rings in the usual manner. When the bed is closed, the curtainpole 4S and curtains 49 will be carried up into the upper compartment of the car, which is made large enough to receive them with the mattress and bedding.

50 indicates a supporting-rod for supporting a curtain 51, which is adapted to be used either as a curtain for the upper berth or for both upper and lower. The curtain 51 is a springcurtain working in a case secured to the end of the rods 50, one at the end of each section. The rods 50 are curved to correspond with the curvature of the car, and are adapted to slide in grooves 52 in the upper part of the carbody immediately below the deck of the car. The lower end of the supporting-rod 50 is connected to the berth-hanger 34 near its upper end by means of a rod 53, pivoted to both the hanger 34 and the curtain-rod 50 in such a manner that the rod 53 will always form an acute angle with the supporting-rod 50. By this construction, when the berth-hanger is drawn out it will throw the rod 50 outward, bringing the curtain 51 in a line with the ends of the seats and in position for use. \Vhen the berth-hanger 34 is pushed .back in closing the berth, the rod 50 will slide backward and downward, in the groove 52 until the our tain and its case reach the fall of the carbody.

54, Fig. 7, indicates a panel of sufficient height to completely close the space between the ends of the upper and lower berths when open, which is incased in the solid seat-back 11 when not in use, the seat-back 11 being made hollow for that purpose and provided with a longitudinal opening along its upper edge to allow of the insertion of the panel. The upper edge of the panel 54is constructed of material similar to the top of the seat-back 11, and is adapted to fit into and close the opening when the panel is incased in the seat-back. On its inner edge the panel 54 is provided with a notch 55 to adapt it to fit close to the side of the car when raised, as best shown inv Fig. 7, and fitted in its outer end is a smaller lateral-extension panel 56, which is fitted to slide on or into the panel 54 to extend the panel 54 to the outer edge of the seat and berth. To secure the panels 54 and 56 in their raised position to make a firm partition, two buttons 57 are placed on the upper edge of each partition, which are adapted to enter slotted holes in the ends of the upper berth. The panel 56 is also supported by a spring-catch 58 in the upper end of the seat-back 11, as best shown in Fig. 7. To lower the partition 54, the buttons 57 are withdrawn from the upper berth. The panel 56 may then be pushed into the panel 5.4, allowing the panel 54 to be incased in the seatback 11. By this construction a firm and complete partition between the lower berths of the car is provided which may be easily placed in position or removed.

59 indicates afan-shaped partition designed to completely out off the upper berths from each other. The partition 59 is composed of a number of thin strips 60 of suitable material, preferably veneer, which are curved to correspond with the shape of the car, andare pivoted at their lower ends on a pin 61 in the innermost section 60, which is fixed to the rib 32, or is otherwise suitably secured between the ends of each upper berth. The sections 60, except the upper and lower ones, are each provided near its outer end and at a uniform distance from the pivot 61 with a segmental slot 62, adapted to receive a short pin 63 in the section 60. Each pin 63 is as long as a section 60 is wide, and is fittedin the slot62 of the section 60, which is next lower, and is adapted to slide freely therein. 'This construction securely holds the sections .60 in place and provides for the folding or fan-like operation of the partition. lVhen it is de sired to close the partition 59, its outer end is pushed upward and backward until all the sections lie in line with the uppermost section and the rib 32. The partition 59 is locked in its closed position by a spring-catch 64, Fig. 8. By this construction we produce a railway car or coach which can be used as a daycoach, in which all of the passengers may sit facing the direction in which the train or car is running, with the upper berths folded, so as not to materially occupy the upper part of the car and to give the car a more attractive appearance,with better ventilation. We also produce a car which can be readily converted into a dining-car, which will not interfere with its use as a day-coach or as a sleepingcar, except while it is in actual use for serving meals or refreshments, and a carwhich is adapted for use as an improved sleeping-car either with or without use as a dayfcoaeh or dining-car.

lVe do not limit our use of the improvements for forming sleeping-berths to a car having a portion or all of the other improvements, and ourimprovements in forming the lower berths maybe used with ordinary upper berths, or those for the upper berths with ordinary lower berths; but we prefer to use all of our improvements in a single car.

That which we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with a car, of seats therefor having reversible backs, said seats being arranged in rows and having alternate separable and inseparable or single backs, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination, with a car, of seats therefor having reversible backs, said seats being arranged in rows and havingalternately separable and single backs, the separable backs being composed of two equal sections, one adapted to rest upon the other to form a complete seat-back, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. The combination, with a car, of seats therefor having reversible backs, said backs being alternately single and separable, said IOC IIO

seats being arranged in rows, and the seats in each row being distant from each other a space equal to the height of a section of a separable back and adapted to form with said sections an even surface, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

a. In a car, the combination, with a seat, of a back therefor composed of two separable sections, one of said sections being adapted to rest vertically upon the other, and both sections being adapted to be turned down into a horizontal position on opposite sides of the seat to form with the seat a continuous surface, substantiaily as and for the purpose specified.

5. In a car, the combination, with a seat, of a back therefor composed of two separable sections, one of said sections being adapted to rest vertically upon the other section and to be turned over to rest vertically on the opposite rail of the seat, its upper edge being parallel to and level with the upper edge of the other section, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

6. In a car, the combination, with aseat and a back therefor composed of two separable sections, one of said sections being adapted to rest vertically upon the other section, said sections being adapted to be turned over to rest on the opposite side of the seat to reverse the seat, slot 16, and support 18 for the pivot, of a movable pivot 15 to support the inner ends of the sections of the seat-back, said pivot being adapted to move in the slot E621 substantially as and for the purpose speci- 7. The combination, with a seat and reversible back therefor composed of two separable sections and pivotally secured thereto, of a slot 16, pivot 15 for the innersupports of the arms of said sections, and a movable support 18 for said pivot, the support being adapted to be removed to allow the pivot 15 to move downward in the slot 16, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

8. In a car, the combination, with a seat having a reversible back, said back being composed of two separable sections, the outer ends being pivotally secured to the end rail of the seat and the inner ends being pivotally secured to a pivot in the wall of the car, both pivots being adapted to move downward to a point on a level with the car-seat, of locks adapted to hold the pivots in their raised position and to be jointly operated, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

9. In a car, the combination, with a seat having a reversible back and separable sec tions 9 and 10, pivotal] y mounted on said seat, of an end rail 5, adapted to slide vertically in the outer end of the seat-frame, movable pivot 15, slot 16, support 18, lever 17, rod 19, springcatches S, and handle 7, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

10. In a car, the combination, with aseat, of a back therefor composedof two separable sections 9 and 10, said sections being provided on each end with slotted guides 20, and straps or arms 12 to pivotally connect the sections 9 and 10 to the seat and car, said arms having each a pin 14 fitted into and adapted to slide in the slotted guides 20, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

11. In a car, the combination, with; a seat and a reversible back therefor composed of two separable sections, one of said sections being adapted to be turned over to rest vertically on the opposite rail of the seat, its up per edge being parallel to and level with the upper edge of the other section, of a frame composed of hinged sections incased in the side of the car and adapted to be drawn out to rest upon the upper edges of the seat-backs to form a table for adapting the car to dining use, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

12. The combination, with a car and seats therefor having reversible backs, said seats being arranged in rows and the backs of the seats being alternately solid and separable and adapted to form with the seats a continuous surface, of a woven-wire mattress pivotally mounted under one of the seats of the car, and bow and transverse bars for stretching the mattress, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

13. The combination, with a car having an inclosed compartment at the upper portion of its side wall, of berth-hangers pivotally suspended at their upper ends from the upper portion of the car and adapted to swing at their lower ends toward and from the side wall of the car, and a berth-bottom connected with the lower ends of the suspended hangers and moving upwardly into the said inclosed compartment when the lower ends of the hangers are swung toward the side wall of the car, substantially as described.

14. The combination, with a car, of berthhangers pivotally suspended at their upper ends from the upper portion of the car and adapted to swing at their lower ends toward and from the side wall of the car, an outer rail connecting the lower ends of the hangers, and a vertically-movable berth-bottom connected with the outer rail of the hangers and moved bodily in an upward direction beside the side wall of the car when the lower ends of the hangers and their connectingrail are moved toward such side wall of the car, substantially as described.

15. In a car, the combination, with ribs firmly secured in the upper part of the car, and longitudinal slots 33 in said ribs, of hangers 34, pivotally secured at their upper ends to the upper part of the ribs 32, link 42, mattress 40, and end rails 37, each end rail being provided with a corresponding angular arm 38 and a rigid rod 39, connecting each pair of arms 38 and passing through the slots 33 in the ribs and adapted to slide therein, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

16. The combination, with a sleeping-car having an inclosed compartment at the up-. per portion of its side wall, of an upper-berth frame pivotally suspended at its upper end from the upper part of the car and having a portion which slides upwardly into said inclosed compartment when the berth is closed, and a mattress attached to the upper-berth frame and laid horizontally by swinging the lower end of the berth-frame outwardly, substantially as described.

17. The combination, with a sleeping-car having a compartment in the wall of the upper portion of the car, ribs 32, having slots 33, hangers 34, pivoted to the ribs 32, end rails 37, having arms 38 and rod 39, mattress 40, and links 42, connecting the end rails 37 and hangers 34, of spring-catches 44, adapted to prevent upward motion of the links 42 and adapted to be operated from the front of the berth, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

18. In'a sleeping-car, the combination, with an upper berth having a berth-rail, said rail being adapted to lie next to the wall of the car when the berth is closed and to swing outwardly to open the berth, of a curtain 47, mounted on said-berth-rail, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

19. In a sleeping-car, the cornbination,with an upper berth adapted when closed to be incased in a compartment in the wall of the upper part of the car, of acurtain or curtains secured to the inner part of the berth and adapted when the berth is open to cover the windows of the car, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

20. The combination, with a sleeping-car havingacompartmentin the wallof the upper part of the car, ribs 32, and hangers 34, of projecting arms 50, adapted to slide into said compartment, curtain 51, and connecting-rods 53,pivotall v connecting the arms 50 and hangers 34, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

21. The combination, with a sleeping-car having reversible seats, said seats being arranged in rows and having alternately solid and separable backs, of curved ribs 32,firmly secured in the upper curved portions of the car, two of such ribs being located over each solid-backed seat to form the ends of succesive berth-sections, each of said ribs having a longitudinal slot 33, and the space between the two ribs of each berth-section being paneled over to form a compartment in the wall of the car, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

22. In a sleeping-car, the combination, with a lower berth adapted to be formed of the carseats, said seats having reversible backs and each alternate back having a compartment therein, of an upper berth arranged over the lower berth, and paneled partitionsincased in the said alternate seat-backs and adapt-ed to be raised from said backs to close the space between the ends of the upper and lower berths of the car, substantially as described.

23. In asleeping-car, the combination, with upper berths, of a partition between each upper berth, said partitions having curved sections 59 60, pivoted together at their lower end, and segmental slots on their outer ends, and pins 63, adapted to slide in said slots, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

24. In a sleeping-car, the combination, with a seat-back having a compartment therein open at the top, of a partition 54 and a paneled extension 56, adapted to slide in the partition 54, substantially as and forthe purpose specified.

25. In a sleeping-car, the combination, with a seat-back having a compartment therein opening at the top, of a partition 54 and a paneled extension 56, adapted to slide in the partition 54, notch 55, and spring-catch 58, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

26. A railway-car having alternate seats with displaceable backs, tables adapted to be supported on alternate seat-backs, alternate seat-backs adapted to be used as seat-backs and to be lowered into the spaces between the back and front of adjoining fixed seats, substantially as described.

27. A railway car having upper berths adapted to present an under curved surface when folded, seats adapted to be faced in either direction, and alternate seat-backs in sections adapted for conjoint use as seat-backs and to be separated and lowered into the spaces in front and rear of the seat-frame, sub stantially as specified.

CHARLES O. ALLEN. \VILLIAM H. IVELLMAN. \Vitnesses:

A. H. ADAMS, JOHN L. JACKSON. 

